Proximate and Nutrient Composition of Some Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Accessions of Jos- Plateau, Nigeria
Christopher Nwadike
Department of Agricultural Technology, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Federal College of Forestry, Jos P.M.B 2019. Jos-Plateau State, Nigeria.
Anthony Okere
National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), P.M.B. 5382, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Dickson Nwosu *
National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), P.M.B. 5382, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Catherine Okoye
National Biotechnology Development Agency (NABDA), P.M.B. 5113, Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria.
Terkimbi Vange
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria.
Benson Apuyor
National Cereals Research Institute (NCRI), Badeggi, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The compositional analysis of some common bean and cowpea landraces of Jos plateau were carried out to determine their proximate and mineral constituents. The results revealed a wide variability and significant differences (P< 0.05) in proximate compositions with the exception of crude fibre. The percentage moisture content ranged from 9.10% - 10.27%, Protein content 21.23% -23.83%, ether extract 1.60% -2.03%, Ash 3.10% - 3.87%, Carbohydrate 57.10% - 69.23%, Crude fibre 3.60% – 4.30%. The macro and trace mineral compositions varied and were statistically significant (P < 0.05), Ca 208.33-653.33 mg/100 g, K 25.0-54.0 mg/100 g, Mg 30.0-56.0 mg/100 g, P 266.67-850.00 mg/100 g, Fe ranged between 7.07-9.80 µg/100 g , Mn 0.02 -0.03 µg/100 g, Zn 0.20-0.70 µg/100 g and B from 0.00-0.01 µg/100 g. The presences of appreciable quantities of proximate and mineral constituents in the accessions has contributed in physical, mental growth and development of the local population were they provide cheap access to nutrients sources. This high variability in mineral compositions indicates that the accessions could serve as source germplasm for developing improved varieties.
Keywords: Common bean;, cowpea, heritability;, proximate, variability, nutrient composition