Species Diversity of Arthropods Founds in Refuse Dumpsites in Ifite Awka, Anambra State and Its Public Health Risk
N. P. Udeh *
Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
I. S. Ude
Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
C. Obudulu
Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
O. A. Okeke
Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
C. C. Egwuagu
Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
K. N. Ibemenuga
Department of Biological Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A survey of some refuse dumpsites in Ifite, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria State were carried out for 5 weeks to determine the arthropod vectors associated with those refuse dumps and their relative abundance per site and species diversity. Five refuse dumpsites were randomly selected based on their composition and human activities within the environment. The sampled sites are Commissioners Quarters (site A), Second Market (site B), Miracle Junction (site C), Star-Lodge Junction (site D) and Wintess Hotel (site E). Fourteen species of arthropods were collected in eight orders and eleven families namely; Muscidae, Culicidae, Blattidae, Calliphoridae, Formicidae, Elateridae, Xystodesmidae, Polydesmidae, Acrididae, Lygaeidae and Selonopidae. The most abundant vector species encountered in all five study sites was Musca domestica, the dominant species, followed by Aedes. spp., and P. americana which occurred in all study sites except site A. Site A, M. domestica 12 (38.71%), followed by A. aegypti 6 (19.35%), site B, M. domestica 15 (25.42%), followed by A. aegypti 12 (20.34%) and P. Americana 10 (16.95%), site C, M. domestica 17 (28.89%), followed by A. aegypti 7 (15.56%) and P. Americana 5 (11.11%), site D, M. domestica 17 (27.42%), followed by A. aegypti 11 (17.74%) and P. americana 7 (11.29%), site E, M. domestica 30 (32.26%), followed by A. spp.,17 (18.28%) and P. Americana 16 (17.20%).The abundance of these vectors suggests the prevalence of arthropod vector borne disease in Ifite, Awka environment. Proper disposal of refuse dumps and public enlightenment on the dangers of indiscriminate dumping of refuse to the general public is highly recommended to avert health and environmental problems associated with these arthropod vectors.
Keywords: Arthropods, species diversity, dumpsites, public health risk, vector-borne disease