Assessment of Food Safety and Foodborne Zoonotic Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens in Pig Meat Sold in Slaughterhouses of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Florent Biduaya Mukeba *
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Patrick Kiamenemene Munongo
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Jean-Paul Nzambi Divengi
Research Unity of Pedagogy and Health, Interdisciplinary Research Center of the National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rhumatology Unite, Internal Medicine Department of General Hospital of Kinshasa Mama Yemo, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Assumani Zabo Idrissa
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Research Unity of Pedagogy and Health, Interdisciplinary Research Center of the National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
John Za nza Ntezolo
Research Unity of Pedagogy and Health, Interdisciplinary Research Center of the National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Patience Lunkondo Mbuyi
Research Unity of Pedagogy and Health, Interdisciplinary Research Center of the National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Didier Lusimbamo Dianzuangani
Depatment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Ruth Malobo Katunda
Depatment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Jeanpy Ndongala Kwete
Depatment of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Pedagogical University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Myriam Ngondo Mukadi
Department of Geography, Geostrategy, Environment and Land Management, Center of Research of Human Sciences, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Paulin Kapepula Mutwale
Centre d’Etudes des Substances Naturelles d’Origine Végétale (CESNOV), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Foods produced from animals are major reservoirs for many of the foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter species, non-Typhi serovars of Salmonella enterica, Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The zoonotic potential of foodborne pathogens, as well as their ability to produce toxins that cause disease or even death, are enough to highlight the gravity of the situation. In this research, it is evidenced that animals act as vehicles in transmission of foodborne pathogens such as Candida albicans, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerrans, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella spp, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia enterocolitica. their impact, and their current status. This study contributes to improving the health of the meat consumed by the Kinoise population and popularization of national and international opinion about the dangers posed by the consumption of these meats if there is infection. Matete market with 42.8% of samples contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, three out of six samples may be declared unfit for human consumption and samples from other sites may also be declared unfit for consummation because the bacterial count revealed were above the threshold recommended by the FAO. These were 33.3 % (case 2/6) of samples contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, Central Market 33.3% Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp), Gambela 33.3% (Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp), Liberté market 20% contaminated with Salmonella spp samples. Since no effective interventions have eliminated these pathogenic bacteria from animals and food, we indicated that they will continue to cause outbreaks and deaths around the world.
Keywords: Pork, enterobacteriaceae, mushrooms, slaughterhouse, FAO